Modular Arithmetic

This issue of Students Explorations in Mathematics introduces students to modular arithmetic and its applications. This activity will help develop students’ problem-solving strategies and provide opportunities to apply and extend ideas to unfamiliar contexts. Students begin with familiar problems involving an analog clock and soon realize they already have some experience with modular arithmetic. Using this knowledge, they develop mathematical notation and ideas to help solve problems involving basic number theory. Applications to serial number coding are also discussed. To facilitate using the activity in your classroom, download the companion Teacher version, including a Teacher Notes section with tips, instructional strategies, and a solution key.